{"id":57,"date":"2023-07-09T15:18:41","date_gmt":"2023-07-09T15:18:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nemoland.net\/oNEMOune\/?p=57"},"modified":"2023-07-09T15:18:44","modified_gmt":"2023-07-09T15:18:44","slug":"le-miellat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nemoland.net\/oNEMOune\/index.php\/2023\/07\/09\/le-miellat\/","title":{"rendered":"Le miellat"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le <strong>miellat<\/strong> est un liquide \u00e9pais et visqueux excr\u00e9t\u00e9 par des insectes piqueurs suceurs (pucerons, cochenilles, punaises\u2026) qui se nourrissent directement de s\u00e8ve \u00e9labor\u00e9e (celle qui redescend apr\u00e8s \u00eatre pass\u00e9e dans les feuilles et qui contient de l&rsquo;eau et des sucres synth\u00e9tis\u00e9s par la plante lors de la photosynth\u00e8se), et rejettent par leur tube anal ce liquide qui, sous forme de gouttelettes, se d\u00e9pose sur les feuilles, tombe dans le milieu environnant ou est collect\u00e9 par d&rsquo;autres insectes (fourmis, abeilles\u2026). Ce liquide, issu des produits de la digestion qui ne sont ni assimil\u00e9s ni transform\u00e9s. Cette substance tr\u00e8s riche en sucres rend les feuilles de la plante-h\u00f4te poisseuses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On peut l\u00e9cher cette pellicule sucr\u00e9e sur les feuilles ou les mettre \u00e0 tremper dans tr\u00e8s peu d&rsquo;eau pour dissoudre le sucre (qui pourrait \u00eatre ensuite concentr\u00e9 par \u00e9bullition ou qui peut fermenter et donner une boisson l\u00e9g\u00e8rement alcoolis\u00e9e, la fr\u00eanette ou \u00ab cidre de fr\u00eanes). Cette couche de \u00ab miellat \u00bb peut \u00eatre assez \u00e9paisse pour s&rsquo;utiliser directement comme \u00e9dulcorant dont le go\u00fbt rappelle un peu le sirop d\u2019orge malt\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les abeilles mellif\u00e8res appr\u00e9cient la \u00ab ros\u00e9e de miel \u00bb en compl\u00e9ment ou en remplacement du nectar floral traditionnel. Il produit un miel plut\u00f4t sombre et moins humide que le miel de nectar, \u00e9galement appel\u00e9 <em>miellat<\/em> (miel de sapin, miel de for\u00eat, miel de ch\u00eane\u2026).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La r\u00e9colte de ce type de miel est tr\u00e8s al\u00e9atoire car de nombreux facteurs (climatiques entre autres) influent sur sa production. En effet, il est n\u00e9cessaire que la plante, le puceron, et l&rsquo;abeille puissent b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier de bonnes conditions. Cela explique les irr\u00e9gularit\u00e9s dans les r\u00e9coltes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La proportion du miellat dans le miel (dite <em>indice<\/em> ou <em>indicateur de miellat<\/em> ou <em>IM<\/em>) peut \u00eatre r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9e par la pr\u00e9sence de spores de champignons, lors des \u00e9tudes de \u00ab spectre pollinique \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La composition du miel de miellat est d&rsquo;environ 16 % d&rsquo;eau, 38 % de fructose, 27 % de glucose, 3 % de saccharose, 9 % de dextrose, 5 % de m\u00e9l\u00e9zitose, 7 % d\u2019acides amin\u00e9s et de min\u00e9raux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le miellat est un liquide \u00e9pais et visqueux excr\u00e9t\u00e9 par des insectes piqueurs suceurs (pucerons, cochenilles, punaises\u2026) qui se nourrissent directement de s\u00e8ve \u00e9labor\u00e9e (celle qui redescend apr\u00e8s \u00eatre pass\u00e9e dans les feuilles et qui contient de l&rsquo;eau et des sucres synth\u00e9tis\u00e9s par la plante lors de la photosynth\u00e8se), et rejettent par leur tube anal &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nemoland.net\/oNEMOune\/index.php\/2023\/07\/09\/le-miellat\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read more<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> \u00ab\u00a0Le miellat\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-57","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - 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